Romanticism

Romanticism was an original breakthrough for all European art and painting was no exception. In general, it is a complex art movement that formed itself as a revolt against social and political oppression of several monarchies that governed in Europe at that time. Romanticism followed the Enlightenment and was a complete opposition to it.
For Romanticism, the main was a strong emotion, including trepidation, horror and awe. It involved folk art and viewed a human as a dependable creature. It found recurrent themes in complete criticism of the existing order of things and asserted the advent of the Armagedon.
One of the most outstanding Romantic painters was Caspar David Friedrich. His painting "Wanderer above the Sea of Fog" (1818) made a real sensation in Germany in which Romanticism was only developing.
The French painters are Fransisco Goya ("The third of May, 1808", 1814) and Eugene Delacroix (Liberty leading the people", 1830) changed the way Romanticism developed in France up till that time.
In England, the greatest Romantic artist was J.M.W. Turner. His "The Fighting Temeraire" (1939) is considered to be one of the best English Romantic paintings.
In painting particularly, Romanticism practiced the cult of "sensibility", emphasizing women and children, the fatal destiny of the artist and wild, "pure" nature.